17. … 是必要的 It is necessary that S （should） V
… 是重要的 It is important/essential that S （should） V
… 是适当的 It is proper that S （should） V
… 是紧急的 It is urgent that S （should） V
例︰我们当保持公共场所清洁是应当的。
It is proper that we （should） keep the public places clean.
18. 每当我听到…？我就忍不住感到兴奋。Whenever I hear …， I cannot but feel excited.
每当我做…？ 我就忍不住感到悲伤。 Whenever I do …， I cannot but feel sad.
每当我想到…？我就忍不住感到紧张。Whenever I think of …， I cannot but feel nervous.
每当我遭遇…？我就忍不住感到害怕。Whenever I meet with …， I cannot but feel frightened.
每当我看到… 我就忍不住感到惊讶。Whenever I see …， I cannot but feel surprised.
例︰每当我想到我家附近那一条清澈的小溪？我就忍不住感到悲伤。
Whenever I think of the clean brook near my home， I cannot but feel sad.
= Every time I think of the clean brook near my home， I cannot help feeling sad.
19. 据说… It is said （that）子句
一般认为… It is thought （that）子句
大家都知道… It is known （that）子句
据报导… It is reported （that）子句
一般预料… It is expected （that）子句
一般估计… It is estimated （that）子句
一般相信… It is believed （that）子句
例︰一般相信阅读增加我们的知识、扩大我们的心胸。
It is believed （that） reading increases our knowledge and broadens our mind.
20. …的主要理由是…
The main reason why ……… is （that）子句
例︰青少年犯罪的主要理由是社会环境日一败坏。
The main reason why the juveniles commit crimes is that social environment is becoming worse.
21. 俗语说得好：「…」。
Well goes an old saying， “…”
= As an old saying goes（runs， says）， “…”
= An old saying goes， “…”
= Its an old saying （that）子句
例︰俗话说得好：「诚实为上策」。
As an old saying goes， “Honesty is the best policy.”
22. （A） …用下列方法… … in the following ways.
（B） …有三个主要理由。 … for three major reasons.
（C） 要…？至少我们可做三件事。 To …， there are at least three things we can do.
例︰（A） 我用下列方法增加信心。
I increase my confidence in the following ways.
（B） 人们学外语有三个理由。
People learn a foreign language for three major reasons.
（C） 为了维护健康？我们每天至少可做三件事。
To keep healthy， there are at least three things we can do every day.
II. 用于文章承转句
23. 那就是（说）…；亦即…
That is to say， …
= That is， …
= Namely， …
例︰我们生活需有规律。也就是说？早睡早起？戒除烟酒。
We need to live a regular life. That is， we can keep good hours and refrain from smoking and drinking in the daily activities.
24. （A） 基于这个理由？… For this reason， …
（B） 为了这个目的？… For this purpose， …
例︰基于这个理由？我已决定把行医作为未来的职业。
For this reason， I have decided to take practicing medicine as my future career.
25. 我们有理由相信…
We have reasons to believe （that）子句
例︰我们有理由相信体罚应该严格禁止。
We have reasons to believe that corporal punishment should be strictly prohibited.
26. 事实上？…
As a matter of fact， …
= In fact， …
例︰事实上？健康才是最重要。
As a matter of fact， it is health that counts.
27. （A） 例如？… For example， …
（B） 拿…做例子 Take … for example.
例︰例如？我们盲目地提高生活水准？却降低生活品质。
For example， we elevate the living standards blindly， but lower the quality of life.
28. 此外？我们不应忽视…
Besides （In addition）， we should not neglect …
例︰此外？我们不应忽视每个人都想要一个温馨祥和的社会。
In addition， we should not neglect that everyone wants a friendly and peaceful society.
29. 相反地？…
on the contrary， …
= by contrast， …
例︰相反地？少数学生似乎还在鬼混。
On the contrary， a few students， it seems， are still fooling around.
30. 另一方面？…
on the other hand， …
例︰政府应严格执法？另一方面？大众也应该培养减少污染的好习惯。
The government should enforce laws strictly. On the other hand， the public also should develop the good habit of reducing pollution.
31. 然而？很可惜的是…
However， it is a pity that子句
例︰然而？很可惜的是他总是临时抱佛脚。
However， it is a pity that he should always cram at the eleventh hour.
32. 换言之？…
in other words， …
= to put it differently
例︰换言之？我会尽最大的努力达成我的目标。
In other words， I will try my best to attain （gain， live up to） my goal. | 
